An Economic Theory of Political Action in a Democracy, Science, Health and Environmental Reporting Program. Sociologists will in general appear to the financial determinants of help for ideological groups, noticing the relationships between's class, occupation, identity, sex, age and vote; political researchers have focusing because of political variables like issues, political projects, appointive missions, and hence the prominence of gathering pioneers on democratic conduct. Register and request a ballot with the Federal Post Card Application (FPCA) Vote the "backup" Federal Write-in Absentee Ballot (FWAB) Find your election office contact information. She feels strongly about issues related to environmental justice, conservation and access to clean water. In the US, political ideology, efficacy, structural barriers, and demographics all play a role in determining the nature and level of political participation. (1982) Dealing in Votes (Oxford: Martin Robertson). Copyright Kaplan, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The mass media in the context of American politics consists of broadcast and cable TV news, AM talk radio, news websites, social media platforms, and various forms of print media. 2, pp. Traditional news media, such as TV and newspapers, provide political information and shape public opinion. As the manager of a Papa Sams restaurant, you must deal with a variety of business transactions. LIPSET, S. M. (1985) The Elections, the Economy and Public Opinion: 1984, Political Studies, vol. HARTWIG, F., JENKINS, W. R. and TEMCHIN, E. M. (1980) Variability in Electoral Behaviour, American Journal of Political Science, vol. dxdy+(x2x+1)y=e2x, voting based on what is in the citizen's best intent, voting based on whether a party candidate in power should be reelected based on the past, based on predictions on how future will perform, supporting a party by voting for a from one party for all offices, regular polling system done by state election officials, a local meeting to discuss/express support for candidates and by the parties, having primaries and caucus as early as possible, Chapter 15 Voting Rights and Voting Behavior, WQI, Total Solids and Unit Conversion Review, Accounting 161 Terms - Chapter 8, 9, 10, 11, Shifts in the exchange rate - Imports / expor, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry. Many people view voting in elections as the most important of all the linkage institutions. 1. celebrities. Does there have to be a certain number for political participation? 2. teachers. What is the rational choice model of voting? There are evidence which shows fewer people identify with a stronger party compare to 40 years ago. A political party is an organization of people with similar political ideologies that seeks to influence public policy and control the government through electing its candidates. The additional direct costs involved in the processing of a jar of silver polish are: Otheringredients$0.65Directlabor1.48Totaldirectcost$2.13\begin{array}{lrrrr} Xb]uP"^# =YQ|q;>akIB } Bwt1I mdlfYe-,dB|{WxWkZ}Z OdEvqf;Ifx(0#egB.$qWwgHX&E8* VqJDBnm?,ZkU5McS7xYx!-wb%?Plcnxv\+LK%/03u_c5)nkk0K^|SDz'L|,!Tdi'l Pierce and J. Sullivan (eds), The Electorate Reconsidered (Beverly Hills: Sage). DOWNS, A. Partner Associations. DALTON, R., FLANAGAN, S. and BECK, P. (eds) (1984) Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Societies (Princeton: Princeton University Press). An amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolishing slavery; ratified in 1865. 210 0 obj <>/Encrypt 189 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8CA4C87D14D18A2E577CB542D50BD82B><7D93E7EC44DEFC4CAC06FD45157E6EA2>]/Index[188 43]/Info 187 0 R/Length 102/Prev 116281/Root 190 0 R/Size 231/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Press & Media Major: Sociology. %PDF-1.6 % What is one amendment that extended suffrage to a new group of people? 2, pp. The psycho-sociological model says that it is because this inking allows identification with a party which in turn influences political attitudes and therefore predispositions with regard to a given object, with regard to the candidate or the party, and this is what ultimately influences the vote. The Founding Fathers designed the system so that the public would have a voice in government appointments. Z6/@8M]}CBu(bA{\C4gzv#n$|Q JDF3^m[7!D'N|9 ]irqREL !sneD?:?22X0B BORRE, O. ABRAMSON, P. R. (1983) Political Attitudes in America (San Francisco: Freeman). LIPSET, S. M. and ROKKAN, S. (eds) (1967) Party Systems and Voter Alignments (New York: Free Press). Check COVID-19 updates on military and overseas voting. What is the minimum number of jars of silver polish that must be sold each month to justify the continued processing of Grit 337 into silver polish? Students will study CAMPBELL, A., CONVERSE, P., MILLER, W. E. and STOKES, D. (1966) Elections and the Political Order (New York: Wiley). Although interest groups are not mentioned in the Constitution, the Framers were well aware of the potential damage they could cause if left unregulated (. The silver polish sells for $4.00 per jar. The situation is analogous to the Prisoners Dilemma, she says, because both Jones-Rooy and Akchay, the audience member turned criminal, can choose to cooperate for both of their benefit or choose to protect their own self-interest. According to the sociological perspective, social backgrounds influence attitudes, behavior, and life chances. An amendment to the U.S. Constitution lowering the voting age to 18; ratified in 1971. The Democratic and Republican parties dominate the current two-party system in the US. Voting is a process. hbbd``b` o@ $X$X `q8\D\9 e@B\H0mJj w !7 $ How are retrospective and prospective voting different? Through her work, Suss aims to illustrate that the political system is not just reserved for certain people who may know more about it; rather, everyone should participate. Christopher Hutton has been covering topics of technology and culture for multiple years, with work appearing in VICE, Paste Magazine and Religion News Service. (1984) Critical Electoral Change in Scandinavia in R. Dalton, S. Flanagan and P. Beck (eds), Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Societies (Princeton: Princeton University Press). 3661. 4. watergate Many others simply cannot vote. This unit covers how citizens participate directly and indirectly in the government of the United States. The mixing equipment is special-purpose equipment acquired specifically to produce the silver polish. z55KU4}5lF1 4M/iHB6zQ/%m What is the difference between Rational Choice Theory and Prospective Voting? The 1997 General Election was apolitical Earthquake, which swigged of over 10 percent from Conservative to Labour. A political party is an organization of people with similar political ideologies that seeks to influence public policy and control the government through electing its candidates. They make rational choices by working out which party is the best means to achieve their ends. 9. family, psychological factors (goes against sociological factors), how a voter sees or views the parties, candidates, and the issues in an election, a person's ideas change over time based on what has gone on in your life, political socialization is impacted by world/national events, 1. great depression The primary goal of political parties is to win elections and control the government, while the primary purpose of interest groups is to influence party candidates once they win office. The Knight Foundation note that in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, around 43% of . Direct link to adial0220's post how do i out the answers , Posted 3 years ago. 9/11, 1. education Police Brutality and Structural Racism in Brazil, Preventing Domestic Violence Through Sociological Theories, Sociology Jobs with Career Advice from Professionals, Environmental Sociology Applied to the Climate Crisis, Midlife Experiences in Sociology Graduate School, Sociology Consulting: How to be a Sociology Consultant. 2. Nonetheless, the two orders share a lot of an equal landscape, and progressively have gone to cover in their logical methodologies (see M. Harrop and W. L. Mill operator, Elections and Voters: A Comparative Perspective, 1987). Also political factors which is called short-term factors which focuses on the way people vote in general elections. (1987). What is a positioning strategy? AP United States Government and Politics 2021 Scoring Guidelines . Mass-media coverage raises awareness of certain topics, thereby increasing the public demand for government action. The media, political parties, and interest groups are examples of linkage institutions. The main criticisms of the sociological model are: 1. NIE, N. S., VERBA, S. and PETROCIK, J. Direct link to adial0220's post how do i answer the quest, Posted 2 years ago. %%EOF based on predictions on how future will perform. CREWE, I. Level up on all the skills in this unit and collect up to 1300 Mastery points! An amendment to the U.S. Constitution forbidding the use of the poll tax as a requirement for voting in national elections; ratified in 1964. While it might not feel like a singular vote will have a severe effect on an election, it is in the collective decisions of many that results occur. ANDERSEN, K. (1979) The Creation of a Democratic Majority 19281936 (Chicago: Chicago University Press). Like political parties and interest groups, the media links people to the government by setting the public policy agendaattempting to influence viewers, readers, and listeners by deciding what to report on and what to ignore. While there are legitimate concerns to be had about political parties potentially manipulating an elections results to their benefit, the history of voter fraud is limited at best. (1985) Introduction, in I. Crewe and D. Denver (eds), Electoral Change in Western Democracies (Beckenham: Croom Helm). ;7oh] No/6nmO7/y~Gpi5sx/*^}su"tRep }RN QaO+jq::A"KP}%|E P8(a@DY)K:'x'H Campaign Finance Legislation & Court Decisions, Benefits of Professional Consultants in US Elections, Drawbacks of Professional Consultants in US Elections, General (Presidential and Midterm) Elections. Still, both have undergone significant changes since their creation in the nineteenth century due to critical elections and voter realignment. A system in which citizens must register to vote in advance of election day; some states allow election-day registration. 4. sex To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Direct link to Yagnesh Peddatimmareddy's post Voting behavior is the P, Posted 4 months ago. The researchers attend political debates and record how frequently each candidate displays positive facial expressions. The Trump campaign and many right-wing outlets have been promoting a number of arguments about how this upcoming election will be far less trustworthy, from the supposedly questionable methodology of vote by mail to claims of certain political candidates supposedly manipulating ballot results to their benefit. STOKES, D. (1963) Spatial Models of Party Competition, American Political Science Review, vol. The psycho-sociological model can be seen in . 60125. Theme by Garrett Gardner. 810 0 obj <>/Encrypt 788 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<38983E40393640EDA0E409639B6EDB23><9BE4F403CB83464AA956AF03822E2691>]/Index[787 38]/Info 786 0 R/Length 101/Prev 321910/Root 789 0 R/Size 825/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream I also believe this is part of the "bandwagon effect" where people will vote for a candidate because other people are doing it. (1983) Decade of Dealignment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Learn about voting rights and voter turnout, how presidential and congressional elections work, and how linkage institutions like the media, political parties, and interest groups connect individuals with government. Theres also some fairly significant issues of trust developing in this years election. CONVERSE, P. (1969) Of Time and Partisan Stability, Comparative Political Studies, vol. Although interest groups are not mentioned in the Constitution, the Framers were well aware of the potential damage they could cause if left unregulated ( . There are four primary linkage institutionspolitical parties, interest groups, the media, and elections. satire programming (daily shows, light night, snl) CAMPBELL, A., CONVERSE, P., MILLER, W. E. and STOKES, D. (1960) The American Voter (New York: Wiley). If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. The act of voting is a complex and yet beneficial task. Despite these expansions of suffrage, voter turnout in the United States continues to lag behind other developed countries, especially among younger voters. n1sQG3oaI6S(IJ*Dxr~U3Q. ), Change in British Politics (London: Cass). Unable to display preview. . They are both faced with a dilemma: should they stay silent and go to jail, or turn in their partner and potentially go free? While voting rights have expanded throughout American history, at the birth of the republic, many groups were denied suffragemost notably persons of color and women. 1538. Direct link to stacy ofori's post what is electoral behavio, Posted 2 years ago. This perspective focuses on the inequalities between social classes, arguing that that society is in a state of constant conflict between the bourgeoisie (ruling capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class). 74, pp. 36877. Increase one asset and decrease another asset. Which of the following scenarios best represents an example of party-line voting? 3. religious leaders. why are the fifteenth amendment and the 19th amendment so alike. Voting laws and registration requirements are also major drivers of voting turnout. Studies CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0). 3360. AP U.S. Government and Politics provides a college-level, nonpartisan introduction to key political concepts, ideas, institutions, policies, interactions, roles, and behaviors that characterize the constitutional system and political culture of the United States. The primary reason that voters vote is to get information to their elected leaders. - Some 5-6 million people are too ill or disabled to vote. can be formal or informal. Unlike other developed countries that use multi-party systems, the US utilizes a two-party system, where internal barriers prevent third parties from gaining enough support to win elections. (1976) Party Identification Theory and Political Change in Britain, in I. Budge, I. Crewe and D. Farlie (eds), Party Identification and Beyond (London: Wiley). Mix this with questions of how certain an election is, whether your candidate has good odds or other elements, and it can severely diminish turnout. 4. religion 6. religion 3. non-opinion, different people hold widely different attitudes, lack of interest or not enough information, the media determines issues that are important to people in upcoming elections, the government determines what news gets reported and what does not, so the government has a good relationship with the people, news does not reach other countries, and the people do not panic, radio, television, print media, internet, social media, 1. t.v. JH.N=i-t2EuO:IR9YDL|_K9>z0iBWNq-w| B&y#'Bu%]9LsHEtuwUH_[VkQ7U"CGbCe~s:'P1[^O6f/I}1nKlYsu3dv`{}`> Sociology majors learn how to study people and the roles they play in society, both as individuals and in groups. 78, pp. 787 0 obj <> endobj You can also search for this author in Advertising costs for the silver polish total $4,000 per month. ROBERTSON, D. (1976b) A Theory of Party Competition (London: Wiley). If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. While most of its products are processed independently, a few are related, such as the companys Grit 337 and its Sparkle silver polish. Learn about voting rights and voter turnout, how presidential and congressional elections work, and how linkage institutions like the media, political parties, and interest groups connect individuals with government. (1984) Continuity and Change in Spanish Politics, in R. Dalton, S. Flanagan and P. Beck (eds) Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Societies (Princeton: Princeton University Press). endstream endobj 189 0 obj <>>>/EncryptMetadata false/Filter/Standard/Length 128/O(Q.`;RvqL)/P -1028/R 4/StmF/StdCF/StrF/StdCF/U(/Y_zfmHW4 )/V 4>> endobj 190 0 obj <>/Metadata 13 0 R/Outlines 26 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 186 0 R/StructTreeRoot 58 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 191 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 192 0 obj <>stream supporting a party by voting for a from one party for all offices. One recent development is the increasing significance of consumer-driven media in which news organizations (especially those that primarily operate online) produce stories that cater to viewers' ideological preferenceswhether the information is substantive or not. MTClEI(bKh ]+"4X >~vB;j2x%|Q|]kn(u JD p=1 ]9GjoSP,@knP*pt_1fFx TmdzP"k"/7bKr=4c7=G3hmOv$A`; ? 4 main factors influencing public opinion. Direct link to Aenet Anthony's post What is the difference be, Posted 3 years ago. But at its core, voting is an act that benefits everyone, regardless of the results. But if a million people believe that, then that is a million votes not submitted. d. Increase an asset and increase owners equity. He also runs a newsletter titled the Digital Downstream, covering the intersection of internet culture with politics. And if one was to observe the system, they might notice a variety of voting patterns. BUTLER, D. and STOKES, D. (1974) Political Change in Britain (London: Macmillan). 1. president. Its resale value is negligible and it does not wear out through use. 5. reagan The number of Americans who consider themselves . Prospective. Kevin Pattah, a Michigan native who came to Oklahoma to get into the cannabis business, now operates six Mango Cannabis retail locations across the state. NORPOTH, H. (1978) Party Identification in West Germany, Comparative Political Studies, vol. 30K@ t_ JENNINGS, M. and NIEMI, R. (1974) The Political Character of Adolescence (Princeton: Princeton University Press). 2. occupation While interest groups focus primarily on . 18, pp. Supporting a party by voting for candidates from one political party for all public offices at the same level of government. In the rational choice model, by contrast, voters choose the party which comes closest to their own interests, values and priorities. Retrospective. A high-level overview of how people get involved in the political process through voting. endstream endobj 788 0 obj <>>>/EncryptMetadata false/Filter/Standard/Length 128/O(Q.`;RvqL)/P -1028/R 4/StmF/StdCF/StrF/StdCF/U(V-pdETZ? Unlike parties and groups, the Constitution lays out specific protections for a free press within the 1st Amendment. MCDONOUGH, P. and PINU, A. 0 Direct link to Pearlgretta's post If you are asking about t, Posted 3 months ago. Expectedly, in their functioning, through the ideological determination and the institutional foundation, political parties express serious mutual differences, especially in terms of the values on. Political scientists study demographics to understand and predict voter turnout. 13971. Marxism is a sociological conflict theory which suggests that the most important aspect of a social structure is the economy, on which all other institutions and structures are based. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. AP U.S. Government and Politics Course Overview . Legislation designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African American suffrage. Direct link to Saman Bajpai's post Isn't there also a type o, Posted 5 years ago. %%EOF ), Change in British Politics (London: Cass). Although political parties are not mentioned in the Constitution, and many of the Framers warned against forming them, the first parties were birthed shortly after the ratification of the Constitution and are a central part of the modern political system in the United States. An amendment to the U.S. Constitution providing for the election of two U.S. senators from each state by popular vote and for a term of six years; ratified in 1913. http://wpapp.kaptest.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/kaplan_logo_purple_726-4.png, AP US Government and Politics: Political Participation Notes. When the Constitution was ratified in 1788, only white, landowning men could vote, and U.S. senators were not directly elected by the citizens. Livestock. AP is a registered trademark of the College Board, which has not reviewed this resource. DECLERCQ, E., HURLEY, T. L. and LUTTBERG, N. R. (1976) Voting in American Presidential Elections, in S. A. Kirkpatrick (ed. Its not exactly what you would expect to hear. Which research method are the researchers using? can be formal or informal, issues we want to focus on determined by public perceptions, with the increase in technology, campaigns are run completely different now than in the 1950s or earlier, sound bytes, visual images, 1st televised commercial, 1st televised presidential debates, using part of someone's quote to influence people to be for or against them, 1. consensus opinion BECK, P. (1976) A Socialisation Theory of Partisan Realignment, in R. Niemi and H. Weisberg (eds), Controversies in American Voting Behaviour (San Francisco: Freeman). answer choices A citizen always votes for the candidate who supports conservation of the environment A homeowner votes for a candidate based on the candidate's promise to lower property taxes. Sociology of Voting: Sociologists Say, VOTE! If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. PubMedGoogle Scholar, 1987 Martin Harrop and William L. Miller, Harrop, M., Miller, W.L. Your email address will not be published. Call 1-800-KAP-TEST or email customer.care@kaplan.com, Contact Us psephologists have discovered various of theories to explain the factors that influence voting behavior in general elections. MARKUS, G. (1982) Political Attitudes during an Election Year: a Report on the 1980 NES Panel Study, American Political Science Review, vol. But regardless of the many complicating factors that may appear to cling to voting, it does not disseminate its importance. In the rational choice model, by contrast, voters choose the party which comes closest to their own interests . Because he prefers to vote for the incumbent candidate, who was a Democrat, and usually only . Andrea Jones-Rooy, a political scientist from New York and writer for 538, argues that it is not an individual rational act, but rather an irrational act committed in the contextof communities. Coral; Fish; Invertebrates; Live Rock Direct link to Lydna's post The 15th Amendment addres, Posted a month ago. But one of the greater questions is that of the value of voting. Elections provide Americans with the most direct opportunity to shape the system in which they're governed. Voting to decide whether the party or candidate in power should be re-elected based on the recent past. The ideal outcome is that everyone who I agree with politically goes out to vote, and I stay home, she says. Khan Academy is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. What term do psychologists use to describe our tendency to search for evidence that supports our opinion? MILLER, W. L. (1983) The Denationalization of British Politics: the Reemergence of the Periphery, in H. Berrington (ed. e. Increase an asset and increase a liability. She refers to Nobel Prize winner Elinor Ostroms book, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, which gives examples of grassroots initiatives as an example of community-led action. While third parties rarely pose significant challenges to major party candidates, they play a pivotal role in advancing issues that would otherwise be ignored by the other partiesand in some cases, third-party candidates have affected the outcome of presidential elections. In Exercises 111 through 141414, find the general solution of the given first-order linear differential equation. (1982) Partisan Dealignment in the American Electorate: Itemising the Deductions since 1964, American Political Science Review, vol. )/V 4>> endobj 789 0 obj <>>> endobj 790 0 obj <> endobj 791 0 obj <. (1970) Sociologists, Economists and Democracy (Chicago: Chicago University Press). Voting should not only be encouraged, but emphasized through positive channels. Essentially, Ostrom believed that people can act on their own for the greater benefit of their community. Obviously, the answer to this query is both contentious and divisive for many Americans, most of whom appear to have made up their minds as to who they wish to support. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Distinguished Writer in Residence, New York University. 2. divisive opinion MILLER, W. L. (1980) What was the Profit in Following the Crowd? BERELSON, B., LAZARSFELD, P. and MCPHEE, W. (1954) Voting (Chicago: Chicago University Press). Over time, various amendments extended voting rights, including the Fifteenth, Seventeenth, Nineteenth, Twenty-Fourth, and Twenty-Sixth Amendments. (1976, 1979) The Changing American Voter (Cambridge, Mass. In: Elections and Voters. 76, pp. Terms and Conditions BUDGE, I., CREWE, I. and FARLIE, D. (eds) (1976) Party Identification and Beyond (London: Wiley). Although voting is an individual act, it does not take place in isolation. Crossover voting in Wyoming got fresh attention ahead of the 2022 primary as former President Donald Trump and allies sought to discourage the state's dwindling number of Democrats from voting for Cheney as she courted their votes. CrossRef - 94.23.255.57. Social media and the changing nature of media are significantly changing the way campaigns are run and political issues are communicated. Random sample, b. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18912-0_6, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18912-0_6, eBook Packages: Palgrave Political & Intern. There are sociological factors which is called long-term factors looking at how people vote. What to sociologists have to say, is there a sociology of voting? With an important election approaching on November 3rd, Americans all over the country are being asked to offer their vote for which candidate they want to support. They stole a Ferrari, and are both being interrogated separately by the police. This is a large survey that aims to get to the root of why so many U.S. individuals choose not to vote. One no more chooses a party than one chooses a religious or national identity. LAZARSFELD, P., BERELSON, B. and GAUDET, H. (1944) The Peoples Choice (New York: Columbia University Press). ), American Electoral Behaviour (Beverly Hills: Sage). Part of Springer Nature. Direct labor is a variable cost at Come-Clean Corporation. 47084. Understanding citizens' conduct can clarify how and why choices were settled on either by open chiefs, which has been a focal worry for political researchers, or by the electorate.Voting is the fundamental kind of political interest in liberal vote based social orders and thusly the investigation of casting a ballot conduct might be an exceptionally specific sub-field inside legislative issues . - This includes resident aliens, people with disabling mental conditions, and adults in prison. Google Scholar. HOPE (Obama), Make America Great Again. It is a way of demonstrating a deep seated loyalty to a party. 105570. PAGE, B. I. and JONES, C. C. (1979) Reciprocal Effects of Policy Preferences, Party Loyalties and the Vote, American Political Science Review, vol. Do they wish to allow the incumbent, Donald Trump, to have another four years to run the US? 73, pp. Or is it time for a new person, such as Joe Biden, to take over? Part of the solution, says Jones-Rooy, is to encourage collective action, or a culture of voting. The president and vice president are elected by the Electoral College following the general election. In the party identification model, the act of voting is seen as expressive, not instrumental. Isn't there also a type of voting where a person votes for whoever is popular in the region? This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. She was excited to be able to vote, unlike some of her younger classmates, and he spoke of the first presidential election he voted in during the 1950s, drawing the rapt attention of the teen. There are ways for everyone to get involved.. We shouldnt be voting, right?. COVID-19 Updates The debate continues to be a central issue in American politics, and the extent of federal policies remains a subject of ongoing debate and negotiation. Direct link to Yagnesh Peddatimmareddy's post Casting a ballot conduct , Posted 3 years ago. 1 point; B. Overhead costs associated with processing the silver polish are: The production supervisor has no duties other than to oversee production of the silver polish. in the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute at New York University. He recently began to pursue getting a graduate degree in sociology at Ball State University, where he is studying the relationship of new media, Youtube culture and right-wing politics among college students.